It was thought that the inflation issue was definitely over. During almost ten years, until the Covid-19 crisis, price increase in the developed countries had been very low, sometimes even negative to the point that central banks, with in the first position the European Central Bank, had re-interpreted their mandates: instead of acting to make inflation going down at a level inferior but near 2%, the ECB had reduced its rates and launched a massive public bonds purchase plan to make inflation rebounding to a level near but inferior to 2%. Everything has changed first with the sanitary crisis and ...

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INSEE and the Banque de France regularly publish statistics giving the value of the assets owned by the economic agents, the public sector, the enterprises and household. But the publications regarding indebtedness cause numerous comments as much as theses regarding the assets owned especially by household generate few attentions. They are yet essential data to appraise the economic and financial situation of a country and to understand the social climate which prevails in it.

At the end of the year 2022, the value of the financial assets of the French household, after deducting their short-term indebtedness to finance consumption expenditures ...

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The point is at the heart of the political debate and of the economic policy as the decline of the French industry, despite all the measures taken for more than ten years, seems more and more obvious. But to appreciate its extent, we must not take the wrong indicator. The most frequently quoted is the continuous diminution of the industry value-added share in the GDP. But it is not the most convincing because this relative fall may also come from a stronger growth of the other sectors of activity, especially in the services with the development of tourism or of ...

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